Chemical composition analysis and biological activities of essential oil from Eucalyptus polybractea (L.), growing in plains of Punjab, Northern India, by two different hydro-distillation methods

Arun Dev SHARMA; Sooraj  AGNISH; Inderjeet  KAUR

doi:10.15835/nsb14111191

Authors

Arun Dev SHARMA Post Graduate department of Biotechnology, Lyallpur Khalsa College Jalandhar, Punjab 144001 (IN)
Sooraj AGNISH Post Graduate department of Biotechnology, Lyallpur Khalsa College Jalandhar, Punjab 144001 (IN)
Inderjeet KAUR Post Graduate department of Biotechnology, Lyallpur Khalsa College Jalandhar, Punjab 144001 (IN)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15835/nsb14111191

Keywords:

aroma profile, biological activities, direct heat, essential oil, indirect heat

Abstract

Eucalyptus essential oil poses various biological activities due to the presence of various bioactive compounds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of direct heat-based hydro distillation (DHBH) and in-direct heat-based hydro-distillation (IDHBH) methods on chemical profile, extraction, and biological activities of essential oils from Eucalyptus polybractea. Eucalyptus Essential Oil (EEO) was extracted from green leaves of eucalyptus plant using DHBH and IDHBH methods. Aroma profile was evaluated by GC-FID technique. Content of phenolics, flavonoids and tannins accompanied by antioxidant activities like iron-chelation and DPPH were studied. Other biological activities like anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial were also analysed. GC-FID chemical profiling revealed a greater number of bioactive compounds in IDHBH extract than DHBH. Relationship between antioxidant activity and chemical composition of extracted oils was investigated. Significant amount of β- pinene, 1,8 cineole, eugenol, Pentadecanoic acid are responsible for antioxidative capacity of both extracts. The concentration of all compounds, especially Pentadecanoic acid and other unique bioactives were higher in IDHBH extract. The level of antioxidants like phenolics, flavonoids and tannins by was high also high in IDHBH extracted oil. This corresponds to higher antioxidant activities like DPPH and iron-chelating activity of IDHBH oil compared with DHBH extract. Similarly, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial potential was more in oil extracted with IDHBH than DHBH. The present paper reported that different extraction methods lead to different biochemical composition of essential oils and the choice of a suitable method is extremely important to obtain more preferred compounds with more potent biological activities and this method can be the choice for essential oil-based companies.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Abifarin TO, Otunola GA, Afolayan AJ (2020). Chemical composition of essential oils obtained from Heteromorpha arborescens (Spreng.) Cham. and Schltdl leaves using two extraction methods. The Scientific World Journal 9232810:1-6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9232810

Aryal S, Baniya MK, Danekhu K, Kunwar P, Gurung R, Koirala N (2019). Total phenolic content, flavonoid content and antioxidant potential of wild vegetables from western Nepal. Plants 8:96. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8040096

Bahmani L, Aboonajmi M, Arabhosseini A, Mirsaeedghazi H (2018.) Effects of ultrasound pre-treatment on quantity and quality of essential oil of tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.) leaves. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 8:47-52. https://10.1016/j.jarmap.2017.10.002

Cermelli C, Fabio A, Fabio G, Quaglio P (2008). Effect of eucalyptus essential oil on respiratory bacteria and viruses. Current Microbiology 56:89-92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-007-9045-0

Chaaban H, Ioannou I, Paris,C, Charbonne C, Ghoul M (2017). The photostability of flavanones, flavonols and flavones and evolution of their antioxidant activity. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 336:131-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.12.027

Chen JB, Sun SQ, Tang XD, Zhang JZ, Zhou Q (2016). Direct and simultaneous detection of organic and inorganic ingredients in herbal powder preparations by Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopic imaging. Spectrochimica Acta 165:176-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2020.118605

Chenni M, Abed D. El, Rakotomanomana N, Fernandez X, Chemat F (2016) Comparative study of essential oils extracted from Egyptian basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.) using hydro-distillation and solvent-free microwave extraction. Molecules 21:113. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21010113

Cory H, Passarelli S, Szeto J, Tamez M, Mattei J (2018). The role of polyphenols in human health and food systems: A Mini-Review. Frontiers in Nutrition 5:87. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2018.00087

Deepashree CL, Kumar J, Prasad K, Devi AG, Mahsa ZM, Shubha G (2013). FT-IR spectroscopic studies on cleome gynandra – comparative analysis of functional group before and after extraction. Romanian Journal of Biophysics 22:137-143.

Dhifi W, Bellili S, Jazi S, Bahloul N, Mnif W (2016) Essential oils' chemical characterization and investigation of some biological activities: A critical review. Medicines (Basel) 3(4):25. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines3040025

Dhifi W, Bellili S, Jazi S, Bahloul N, Mnif W (2016). Essential oils’ chemical characterization and investigation of some biological activities: A critical review. Medicines 3(4):25. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines3040025

Elaissi A, Bel Haj Salah K, Mabrouk S, Chemli R, Harzallah-Skhiri F (2011). Antibacterial activity and chemical composition of 20 Eucalyptus species essential oils. Food Chemistry 129:1427-1434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.05.100

Elyemni M, Louaste B, Nechad I, Elkamli T, Bouia A, Taleb M, Chaouch M, Eloutassi N (2019). Extraction of essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis L. by two different methods: hydrodistillation and microwave assisted hydrodistillation. The Scientific World Journal 3659432:1-6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3659432

Gao QH, Wu CS, Yu JG, Wang M, Ma YJ, Li CL (2012). Textural characteristic, antioxidant activity, sugar, organic acid, and phenolic profiles of 10 promising jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) selections. Journal of Food Science 77:1218-1225. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02946.x

García-Lafuente A, Guillamón E,Villares A, Rostagno MA, Martínez JA (2009) Flavonoids as anti-inflammatory agents: Implications in cancer and cardiovascular disease. Inflammatory Research 58:537-552. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-009-0037-3

Ghasemi E, Raofie F, Najafi NM (2011). Application of response surface methodology and central composite design for the optimisation of supercritical fluid extraction of essential oils from Myrtus communis L. leaves. Food Chemistry 126:1449-1453. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-016-2284-y

Golmakani MT, Rezaei K (2008). Comparison of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation withthe traditional hydrodistillation method in the extraction of essential oils from Thymus vulgaris L. Food Chemistry 109:925-930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.12.084

Govindappa M, Naga SS, Poojashri MN, Sadananda TS, Chandrappa CP (2011). Antimicrobial, antioxidant and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of ethanol extract and active phytochemical screening of Wedelia trilobata (L.). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy 3(3):43-51.

Gunathilake KDPP, Ranaweera KKDS, Rupasinghe HPV (2018). In vitro anti-inflammatory properties of selected green leafy vegetables. Biomedicines 6:107. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines6040107

Jiménez-Zamora A, Delgado-Andrade C, Rufián-Henares JA (2016). Antioxidant capacity, total phenols and color profile during the storage of selected plants used for infusion. Food Chemistry 199:339-346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.12.019

Karakaya S, El SN, Karagozlu N, Sahin S, Sumnu G, Bayramoglu B (2014). Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation of essential oil from rosemary. Journal of Food Science and Technology 51:1056-1065. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-011-0610-y

Khan RA, Khan MR, Sahreen S, Ahmed M (2012). Assessment of flavonoid contents and in vitro antioxidant activity of Launaea procumbens. Chemistry Central Journal 6:43. https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-153X-6-43

Kosar M, Tunalier Z, Özek T, Kürkcüoglu M, Baser KH C (2005). A simple method to obtain essential oils from Salvia triloba L. and Laurus nobilis L. by using microwave-assisted hydrodistillation. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung - Section C Journal of Biosciences 60:501-504. https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2005-5-620

Kumar Tyagi A, Bukvicki D, Gottardi D, Tabanelli G, Montanari C, Malik A, Guerzoni ME (2014). Eucalyptus essential oil as a natural food preservative: in vivo and in vitro antiyeast potential. BioMed Research International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/969143

Kusuma H, Putri D, Dewi I, Mahfud M (2016). Solvent-free microwave extraction as the useful tool for extraction of edible essential oils. Chemistry & Chemical Technology 10:213-218. https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht10.02.213

Kusuma HS, Putri DKY, Triesty I, ahfud M (2019). Comparison of microwave hydrodistillation and solvent-free microwave extraction for extraction of agarwood oil. Chiang Mai Journal of Science 46:741-755.

Lawal H, Ajay P, Dairo PO (2019). Comparative studies of essential oils of Clausena anisata (Hook) using solvent-free microwave extraction and hydrodistillation methods. Journal of Medicinal Plants for Economic Development 3:1. https://doi.org/10.4102/jomped.v3i1.59

Li G, Xiang S, Pan Y, Long X, Cheng Y, Han L and Zhao X (2021). Effects of cold-pressing and hydrodistillation on the active non-volatile components in lemon essential oil and the effects of the resulting oils on aging-related oxidative stress in mice. Frontiers in Nutrition 8:689094. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.689094

Marina AM, Man YB, Nazimah SA, Amin I (2009). Antioxidant capacity and phenolic acids of virgin coconut oil. International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition 60:114-123. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637480802549127

Mauro M, Marco P, Michele S, Rita A, Enrique CM (2011). Monitoring of marine mucilage formation in Italian seas investigated by infrared spectroscopy and independent component analysis. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 184:6025-6036. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2400-4

Medini F, Fellah H, Ksouri R, Abdelly C (2014). Total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of organic extracts of shoots of the plant Limonium delicatulum. Journal of Taibah University for Science 8:216-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtusci.2014.01.003

Moradalizadeh M, Samadi N, Rajaei P (2013). Comparison of hydrodistillation, microwave hydrodistillation and solvent free microwave methods in analysis of the essential oils from aerial parts of Haplophyllum robustum Bge. by GC/MS method. International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research 1:1058-1067.

Moradi H, Ghavam M, Tavili A (2020) Study of antioxidant activity and some herbal compounds of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. in different ages of growth. Biotechnology Reports 25:e00408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00408

Moradi S, Fazlali A, Hamedi H (2018) Microwave-assisted hydro-distillation of essential oil from rosemary: Comparison with traditional distillation. Avicenna Journal of Medical Biotechnology 1:22-28.

Mylle E, Codreanu MC, Boruc J, Russinova E (2013). Emission spectra profiling of fluorescent proteins in living plant cells. Plant Methods 9:1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4811-9-10

Newman DJ, Cragg GM (2016). Natural products as sources of new drugs from 1981 to 2014. Journal of Natural Producsts 79:629-661. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b01055

Nguyen TLP, Hung PV, Lan Chi PT, Dung NH (2015). Impact of extraction methods on antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of citrus essential oils. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants 18:806-817. https://doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2014.977565

Okoh OO, Sadimenko AP, Afolayan AJ (2010). Comparative evaluation of the antibacterial activities of the essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis L. obtained by hydrodistillation and solvent free microwave extraction methods. Food Chemistry 120:308-312 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.09.084

Özek T G, Özek KHC, Başer A, Sagiroglu M (2008). Composition of the essential oils of Angelica sylvestris L. var. sylvestris isolated from the fruits by different isolation techniques. Journal of Essential Oil Research 20:408-411. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2008.9700042

Öztürka M, Tela G, Durua ME, Harmandara M, Topçu G (2009). The effect of temperature on the essential oil components of Salvia potentillifolia obtained by various methods. Natural Product Communications 4:1017-1020. https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X0900400730

P´erino-Issartier S, Ginies C, Cravotto G, Chemat F A (2013). Comparison of essential oils obtained from lavandin via different extraction processes: ultrasound, microwave, turbohydrodistillation, steam and hydrodistillation. Journal of Chromatography A 1305:41-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2013.07.024

Pan MH, Lai CS, Ho CT (2010) Anti-inflammatory activity of natural dietary flavonoids. Food and Functiona 1:15-31. https://doi.org/10.1039/c0fo00103a

Parekh J, Chanda V (2007). In vitro antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of some Indian medicinal plants. Turkish Journal of Biology 31:53‐58.

Paulraj K, Irudayaraj V, Johnson M, Patric D (2011). Phytochemical and anti-bacterial activity of epidermal glands extract of Christella parasitica (L.) H. Lev. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 1:8-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60059-2

Raho GB, Benali M (2012). Antibacterial activity of the essential oils from the leaves of Eucalyptus globulus against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2:739-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60220-2

Sandhu HK, Sinha P, Emanuel N, Kumar N, Sami R, Khojah E, Al-Mushhin AAM (2021). Effect of ultrasound-assisted pretreatment on extraction efficiency of essential oil and bioactive compounds from citrus waste By-Products. Separations 8:244. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations8120244

Sartorelli P, Marquioreto AD, Amaral-Baroli A, Lima ME, Moreno PR (2007). Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils from two species of Eucalyptus. Phytotherapy Research 21:231-233. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2051

Sharma AD, Farmaha M, Kaur I, Singh N (2021). Phytochemical analysis using GC-FID, FPLC fingerprinting, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti- inflammatory activities analysis of traditionally used Eucalyptus globulus essential oil. Drug Analytical Research 5:26-38.

Shrestha PM, Dhillion SS (2006). Diversity and traditional knowledge concerning wild food species in a locally managed forest in Nepal. Agroforestry Systems 66:55-63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-005-6642-4

Silva J, Abebeb W, Sousa SM, Duarte VG (2003). Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of essential oils of Eucalyptus. Journal of Ethnopharmacol 89:277-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2003.09.007

Swamy MK, Akhtar MS, Sinniah UR (2016) Antimicrobial properties of plant essential oils against human pathogens and their mode of action: an updated review. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 3012462:1-21. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3012462

Taherpour AA, Khaef S, Yari A, Nikeafshar S, Fathi M, Ghambari S (2017). Chemical composition analysis of the essential oil of Mentha piperita L. from Kermanshah, Iran by hydrodistillation and HS/SPME methods. Journal of Analytical Science and Technology 8(1):1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-017-0122-0

Tajik N, Tajik M, Mack I, Enck P (2017). The potential effects of chlorogenic acid, the main phenolic components in coffee, on health: a comprehensive review of the literature. European Journal of Nutrition 56:2215-2244. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-017-1379-1

Umapathy E, Ndebia EJ, Meeme A, Adam B, Menziwa P, Nkeh-Chungag BN, Iputo JE (2010). An experimental evaluation of Albuca setosa aqueous extract on membrane stabilization, protein denaturation and white blood cell migration during acute inflammation. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 4(9):789-795. https://doi.org/10.5897/JMPR10.056

Yosr Z, Boussaid M, Chograni H, Trimech R (2013). Changes in essential oil composition and phenolic fraction in Rosmarinus officinalis L. var. typicus Batt. organs during growth and incidence on the antioxidant activity. Industrial Crops and Products 43:412-419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.07.044