Chemical composition and evaluation of biological effects of essential oil and aqueous extract of Lavandula angustifolia L.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15835/nsb14111172Keywords:
antibacterial activity, antifungal activity, antioxidant activity, chemical composition, Lavandula angustifolia L.Abstract
The present work was carried out to evaluate the phenolic compounds, the antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of essential oil (EO) and aqueous extract (AE) of Lavandula angustifolia L. The extracts were obtained by hydrodistillation, and by decoction method using water, then, total phenolics, flavonoids and condensed tannins were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu, Aluminium chloride, and Bate-Smith reaction methods, respectively. Afterward, the antibacterial activity was evaluated using the borth microdilution and, the antifungal activity was discussed using dilution technique in solid medium. To estimate the antioxidant effect of these extracts, the Total Antioxidant Capacity and DPPH scavenging methods were performed. Results of phytochemical analysis of AE showed that total phenolics, flavonoids and condensed tannins were 67.967 ± 0.139 mg GAE/g DW, 53.578 ± 0.418 mg QE/g DW and 9.194 ± 0.323 mg/g DW, respectively. In addition, spectral analysis by Gas Chromatography of EO showed the presence of four main components in oil lavender: Linalool (29.95%), Linalyl acetate (18.86%), ρ-cymene (14.68%), and α-Campholenal (10.26%). Furthermore, the antibacterial test showed that Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most resistant compared to the other tested strains. Also, it appears that EO had greater antifungal activity compared to AE, and the both showed significant antioxidant potential. These eminent results showed that the use of L. angustifolia L. as an anti-infective in traditional environments is justified and that it should be studied more widely in order to explore its potential.
Metrics
References
Adams RP (2007). Identification of essential oil compo- 46 Provenance effect on the yield, chemical composition by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. 4th Edition, Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, pp 804.
Aquaron M (2005). Les causeries en Montagne. Sabenca dela Valéia, Barcelonnette, Conférence.
Bachiri L, Bammou M, Echchegadda G, Ibijbijen J, El Rhaffari L, Haloui Z, Nassiri L (2017). Composition chimique et activité antimicrobienne des huiles essentielles de deux espèces de lavande : Lavandula dentata spp. Dentata et Lavandula peduncultata spp. pedunculata. European Scientific Journal 13:293-311. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n21p293
Bachiri L, Echchegadda G, Ibijbijen J, Nassiri L (2016). Etude phytochimique et activité antibactérienne de deux espèces de lavande autochtones au Maroc: Lavandula stoechas L. et Lavandula dentata L. European Scientific Journal 12:313-333. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n30p313
Bachiri L, Labazi N, Daoudi A, Ibijbijen A, Nassiri L, Echchegadda G, Mokhtari F (2015). Etude ethnobotanique de quelques lavandes marocaines spontanées. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 9:1308-1318. https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v9i3.16
Bagiu RV, Vlaicu B, Butnariu M (2012). Chemical composition and in vitro antifungal activity screening of the Allium ursinumn L. (Liliaceae). International Journal of Molecular Sciences 13:1426-1436. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms13021426
Barros L, Carvalho AM, Ferreira CFRI (2011). Exotic fruits as a source of important phytochemicals: Improving the traditional use of Rosa canina fruits in Portugal. Food Research International 44 :2233-2236. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FOODRES.2010.10.005
Belmont M (2013). Lavandula angustifolia, Lavandula latifolia, Lavandula x intermedia: Etudes botaniques, chimiques et thérapeutiques, Thèse de Doctorat : Pharmacie, Université Joseph Fourier, pp 144.
Benabdelkader T (2012). Biodiversité, bioactivité et biosynthèse des composés terpéniques volatils des lavandes ailées, Lavandula stoechas sensu lato, un complexe d'espèces méditerranéennes d'intérêt pharmacologique. Biologie végétale, Université Jean Monnet-Saint-Etienne, Ecole normale supérieure de Kouba, Alger, pp 259.
Benyagoub E, Nabbou N, Sirat M, Belkacem A (2015). Etude phytochimique et évaluation du pouvoir antibactérien de quelques extraits de Lavandula angustifolia Mill., in vitro sur des espèces bactériennes isolées responsables d’infection urogénitale chez la femme. Tunisian Journal of Medicinal Plants and Natural Products 13:93-49.
Bosnić T, Softić D, Grujić-Vasić J (2006). Antimicrobial activity of some essential oils and major constituents of essential oils. Acta Medica Academica 35:19-22. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines4030058
Bouhdid S, Abrin J, Zhiri A, Espuny MJ, Manresa A (2009). Investigation of fractional and morphological changes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus cells induced by Origanum compactum essential oil. Journal of Applied Microbiology 106:1558-1568. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.04124.x
Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset C (1995). Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und -Technologie 28:25-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0023-6438(95)80008-5
Castillejos L, Calsamiglia S, Ferret A (2006). Effect of essential oil active compounds on rumen microbial fermentation and nutrient flow in vitro systems. Journal of Dairy Science 89:2649-2658. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72341-4
Cavanagh HMA, Wilkinson JM (2002). Biological activities of lavender essential oil. Phytotherapy Research 16:301-308. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1103
Da Porto C, Decorti D, Kikic I (2009). Flavour compounds of Lavandula angustifolia L. to use in food manufacturing: Comparison of three different extraction methods. Food Chemistry 112:1072-1078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.07.015
Danila A, Muresan MI, Ibanescu SA, Popescu A, Danu M, Zaharia C, Türkoğlu GC, Erkan G, Staras AI (2021). Preparation, characterization, and application of polysaccharide-based emulsions incorporated with lavender essential oil for skin-friendly cellulosic support. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 191:405-413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.090
Do Amaral AL, Dalsoglio FK, Decarli ML, Neto JFB (1998). Pathogenic fungi causing symptoms similar to Phaeosphaeria leaf spot of maize in Brazil. Plant Disease 89:44-49. https://doi.org/10.1094/PD-89-0044
Ebrahimi NS, Hadian J, Mirjalili MH, Sonboli A, Yousefzadi M (2008). Essential oil composition and antimibacterial activity of Thymus caramanicus at different phonological stages. Food Chemistry 110:927-931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.02.083
Elharas K, Daagare A, Mesfioui A, Uhssine M (2013). Activité antibactérienne de l’huile essentielle des inflorescences de Laurus nobilis et Lavandula angustifolia. African Science 9:134-141.
Evandri MG, Battinelli L, Daniele C, Mastrangelo S, Bolle P, Mazzanti G (2005). The antimutagenic activity of Lavandula angustifolia (lavender) essential oil in the bacterial reverse mutation assay. Food and Chemical Toxicology 43:1381-1387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2005.03.013
Garcia-Vallejo MI (1992). Aceites esenciales de las Lavandulas ibéricas: ensayo de la quimiotaxonomía. Departamento de biologia vegetal I. Madrid, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, PhD, pp 498.
Gulumser A, Bozoglu H, Peksen E (2006). Experimental Research Method, Samsun, Turkey, pp 264.
Gustavo OE, Everton HS, Mafra-Nilton SC, Jemima AR, Paulo-Sérgio SJ (2021). Drying kinetics of Bixa orellana Labil (annatto) leaves and the influence of temperature on the physicochemical and biological properties of its essential oil. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Químico - Farmacéuticas 49:614-640. https://doi.org/10.15446/rcciquifa.v49n3.91251
Haddanpouraghdam MB, Hassani A, Vojodi L, Asl BH, Rostami A, Azerbaijan W (2011). Essential oil constituents of Lavandula officinalis Chaix from Northwest Iran. CHEMIJA 22:167-171.
Halle I, Thomann R, Bauermann U, Henning M, Kohler P (2005). Effect of graded supplementation of herb and essential oils in broiler feed on growth and carcass traits. Proceedings of the 15th European Symposium on Poultry Nutrition, Balatonfüred, Hungary, 25-29 September, 2005 pp 292-294.
Haraguchi H, Tanimoto K, Tamura Y, Mizutani K, Kinoshita T (1998). Mode of antibacterial action of retrochalcones from Glycyrrhiza inflata. Phytochemistry 48:125-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(97)01105-9
Harborne JB, Williams CA (2000). Advances in flavonoid research since 1992. Phytochemistry 55:481-504. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(00)00235-1
Hebi M, Eddouks M (2016). Evaluation de l’activité antioxydante de Stevia rebaudiana. Phytothérapie 14 :17-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10298-015-0999-y
Hui L, He L, Huan L, Xiao Lan L, Ai Guo Z (2010). Chemical composition of lavender essential oil and its antioxidant activity and inhibition against rhinitis related bacteria. African Journal of Microbiology 4(4):309-313. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJMR.9000163
Kivrak S (2018). Essential oil composition and antioxidant activities of eight cultivars of lavender and lavandin from western Anatolia. Industrial Crops and Products 117:88-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.02.089
Kordalis S, Fakir A, Zengin H, Duru ME (2003). Antifungal activities of the leaves of three Pistacia species grown in Turkey. Fitoterapia 74:164-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0367-326x(02)00320-9
Laib I (2010). Etude des activités antioxydante et antifongique de l’huile essentielle des fleurs séches de Lavandula officinalis sur les moisissures des légumes secs, Université Mentouri Constantine, Algerie, pp 94.
Lee KW, Kim YJ, Lee H, Lee CY (2003). Cocoa has more phenolic phytochemicals and a higher antioxidant capacity than teas and red wine. Food Chemistry 51:7292-7295. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0344385
Levison ME (2004). Pharmacodynamics of antimicrobial drugs. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 18:451-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2004.04.012
Liao Z, Huang Q, Cheng Q, Khan S, Yu X (2021). Seasonal variation in chemical compositions of essential oils extracted from lavandin flowers in the Yun-Gui plateau of China. Molecules 26:5639. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26185639
Marzouk Z, Neffati A, Marzouk B, Chraief I, Fathia K, Chekir Ghedira L, Boukef K (2006) Chemical composition and antibacterial and antimutagenic activity of Tunisian Rosmarinus officinalis L. oil from Kasrine. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment 4:61-65.
Moulari B (2005). Propriétés antimicrobiennes in vitro d’extraits de deux plantes africaines-Rôle de l’Astilbine-potentialisation du pouvoir antibactérien par nanoencapsulation. Thèse Doctorat, Univ Franche-Comté, France, pp 4.
Nguyen VT, Duong Le M (2018). Influence of various drying conditions on phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activity of carrot peel. Beverages 4 :80. https://doi.org/10.3390/beverages4040080
Nikšić H, Bešović EK, Makarević E, Durić K, Kusturica J, Muratovic S (2017). Antiproliferative, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. essential oil. Journal of Health Sciences 7(1):35-43. https://doi.org/10.17532/jhsci.2017.412
Pepeljnjak S, Stanic G, Potocki P (1999). Antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extract of Satureja montana subsp. Montana. Acta Pharmaceutica 49:65-69.
Prieto P, Pineda M, Aguilar M (1999). Spectrophotometric quantitation of antioxidant capacity through the formation of phosphomolybdenum complex: specific application to the determination of vitamin E. Analytical Biochemistry. 269:337-341. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1999.4019
Qidwai W, Ashfaq T (2013). Role of garlic usage in cardiovascular disease prevention: an evidence-based approach. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 125649. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/125649
Rafie S, Namjoyan F, Golfakhrabadi F, Yousefbeykc F, Hassanzadeha A (2016). Effect of lavender essential oil as a prophylactic therapy for migraine: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Journal of Herbal Medicine 6:18-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hermed.2016.01.003
Rapper SD, Viljoen A, Vuuren SV (2016). The in vitro antimicrobial effects of Lavandula angustifolia essential oil in combination with conventional antimicrobial agents. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2752739. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2752739
Reis RC, Castro VC, Devilla IA, Oliveira CA, Barbosa LS, Rodovalho R (2013). Fffect of drying temperature on the nutritional and antioxidant qualities of Cumari peppers from pará (Capsicum chinense Jacqui). Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering 30:337-343.
Remmal A, Bouchikhi T, Rhayour K, Ettayebi M, Tantaoui-Elaraki A (1993). Improved method for determination of antimicrobial activity of essential oils in agar medium. Journal of Essential Oil Research 5:179-184. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1993.9698197
Reza Fakhari A, Salehi P, Heydari R, Ebrahimi SN, Haddad PR (2005). Hydrodistillation-headspace solvent microextraction, a new method for analysis of the essential oil components of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Journal of Chromatography A. 1098: 14-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.08.054
Sing R, Marimuthu P, De Heluani CS, Catalan Ceser AN (2006). Antioxidant and biocidal activities of Carum nigrum (seed) essential oil, oleoresin, and their selected components. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 51(1):174-181. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0518610
Singleton VL, Rossi JA (1985). Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 16:144-158.
Smallfield B (2001). Introduction to growing herbs for essential oils, medicinal and culinary purposes. Crop and Food Research 45:1-4.
Stonestreet E, and Ribéreau-Gayon P (1966). Le dosage des tanins dans le vin rouge et détermination de leur structure. Analytica Chimica Acta 48:188-192.
Svoboda KP, Hampson JB (1999). Bioactivity of essential oils of selected temperate aromatic plants: antibacterial, antioxidant, antiinflammatory and other related pharmacological activities, Plant Biology Department, Riverside Campus Ayr-SAC, Auchincruive Ayr Scotland, UK, pp 1-17.
Tim CT, Andrew JL (2005). Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 26:343-356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.09.002
Verma RS, Rahman L, Chanotiya CS, Verma R, Chauhan A, Yadav A, Singh A, Yadav AK (2010). Essential oil composition of Lavandula angustifolia Mill., cultivated in the mid hills of Uttarakhand India. Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 75:343-348. https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC090616015V
Villano D, Fernandez-Pachon MS, Moya ML, Troncoso AM, García-Parrilla MC (2007). Radical scavenging ability of polyphenolic compounds towards DPPH free radical. Talanta 71:230-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2006.03.050
Wells R, Truong F, Adal AM, Sarker LS, Mahmoud SS (2018). Lavandula essential oils: A current review of applications in medicinal, food, and cosmetic industries of lavender. Natural Product Communications 13:1403-1417. https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X1801301038
Yuan C, Wang Y, Liu Y, Cui B (2019). Physicochemical characterization and antibacterial activity assessment of lavender essential oil encapsulated in hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin. Industrial Crops and Products 130:104-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.12.067
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Papers published in Notulae Scientia Biologicae are Open-Access, distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
© Articles by the authors; licensee SMTCT, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright/to retain publishing rights without restriction.
License:
Open Access Journal - the journal offers free, immediate, and unrestricted access to peer-reviewed research and scholarly work, due SMTCT supports to increase the visibility, accessibility and reputation of the researchers, regardless of geography and their budgets. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.