Survey on Nigerian Castor Germplasm for Potential Resistant Genotypes to Cercospora Leaf Spot

Authors

  • Bolaji Zuluqurineen SALIHU National Cereals Research Institute, Research Operation Department, Badeggi, P.M.B. 8, Bida (NG)
  • Mathew Omoniyi ADEBOLA Federal University of Technology, Department of Biological Sciences, PMB 65, Minna, Niger State (NG)
  • Maryam Alfa KABARAINI National Cereals Research Institute, Research Operation Department, Badeggi, P.M.B. 8, Bida (NG)
  • Sunkanmi Tokunbo GBADEYAN National Cereals Research Institute, Research Operation Department, Badeggi, P.M.B. 8, Bida (NG)
  • Adijat Abolore AJADI National Cereals Research Institute, Research Support Services Department, Badeggi, P.M.B. 8, Bida (NG)
  • Muhammad Nur ISHAQ National Cereals Research Institute, Research Operation Department, Badeggi, P.M.B. 8, Bida (NG)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15835/nsb11310441

Keywords:

castor; Cercospora; disease; germplasm; lines; resistance

Abstract

Fungal diseases cause a lot of economic damage in castor and in some instances; it is a limiting factor to commercial cultivation of the crop. In the present study, survey on castor germplasm for sources of resistant genes to Cercospora leaf spot was carried out at National Cereals Research Institute Badeggi, Nigeria. The genotypes were grown in a resolvable incomplete block design with three replications. The results obtained revealed high variability of host resistance among the genotypes. Percentage disease incidence ranged between 16.67% and 100%.  A range between 1.43 score and 4.17 scores with average score of 2.89 were recorded for disease severity among the genotypes. Highest (95.92%) and lowest (13.03%) damage index were observed in the genotypes Acc. 059 and Acc. 022 respectively. The Principal component (PC) 1 to 4 explained 100% of the variability in the germplasm. PC1 explained 69.72% of the variability with the major contributory parameters being the disease incidence, severity and damage index. Significant negative correlations were recorded between the seed yield and all the three disease indices. The result of cluster analysis revealed six cluster groups among the germplasm with cluster membership ranging between 4 and 40 members. The cluster I contained members (Acc. 002, Acc. 017, Acc. 022, Acc. 026, Acc. 027, Acc. 048 and Acc. 061) with low average disease incidence, severity and damage index. The results reported here could serve as a basis for further screening of the potential resistant genotypes under controlled condition to develop resistant lines.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Allan G, Williams A, Rabinowicz PD, Chan AP, Ravel J, Keim P (2008). Worldwide genotyping of castor bean germplasm (Ricinus communis L.) using AFLPs and SSRs. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 55(3):365-378.

Ani AO, Okorie AU (2009). Response of broiler finishers to diets containing graded levels of processed castor oil bean (Ricinus communis L.) meal. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 93(2):157-164.

Anjani KM, Raoof A, Ashoka P, Reddy V, Rao HC (2004). Sources of resistance to major castor (Ricinus communis) diseases. Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter 137:46-48.

Foster JT, Allan GJ, Chan AP, Rabinowicz PD, Ravel J, Jackson PJ, Keim P (2010). Single nucleotide polymorphisms for assessing genetic diversity in castor bean (Ricinus communis). BMC Plant Biology 10(13):1-11.

Gana AK, Yusuf AF, Apuyor B (2013). Castor oil plant and its potential in transformation and industrialization of under developing nations in the world. Advanced Journal of Agricultural Research 1(005):072-079.

Gana AK (2015). Agronomy of castor. Khalifa Press, Bida, Nigeria, pp 10-34.

Lakshmi P, Lakshmamma P, Lakshminarayana M (2010). Contribution of upper leaves to seed yield of castor. Journal of Oilseeds Research 27:209-212.

Lima RIS, Severino LS, Sampaio IR, Sofiatti V, Gomes JA, Beltrao NEM (2010). Blends of castor meal and husks for optimized use as organic fertilizer. Industrial Crops Production 33(2011):364-368.

Mamza WS, Zarafi AB, Alabi O (2008). Incidence and severity of blight caused by Fusarium pallidoroseum on varied age of castor (Ricinus communis) inoculated using different methods. African Journal of General Agriculture 4(2):119-122.

Manandhar HK, Timila RD, Sharma S, Joshi S, Manandhar S, Gurung SB, ... Sthapit BR (2016). A field guide for identification and scoring methods of diseases in the mountain crops of Nepal. NARC, DoA, LI-BIRD and Biodiversity International, Nepal.

Milani M, DantasFV, Martins WFS (2009).Genetic divergence among castor bean genotypes by morphologic and molecular characters. Revista Brasileira de Oleaginosas e Fibrosas 13(2):61-71.

Muhammad IK, Asghar AS, Murtaza K, Kalim U, Rehmat U, Shahid IK (2015). Comparative efficiency of alpha lattice design and complete randomized block design in wheat, maize and potato field trials. Journal of Resources Development and Management 11:115 -117.

Mutlu H, Meier MAR (2010). Castor oil as a renewable resource for the chemical industry. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 112(1):10-30.

Ogunniyi DS (2006). Castor oil: a vital industrial raw material. Bioresource Technology 97(9):1086-1091.

Purseglove JW (1968). Tropical crops: Dicotyledons. Longman, Green and Co Ltd. London pp 346.

Salihu BZ, Gana AK, Apuyor BO (2014). Castor oil plant (Ricinus communis L.): botany, ecology and uses. International Journal of Science and Research 3(5):1333-1341.

STAR 2.0.1 (2013). Statistical Tool for Agricultural Research. Biometrics and Breeding Informatics. Los Baños, Laguna, USA: PBGB Division, International Rice Research Institute.

Weiss EA (1971). Castor, sesame and safflower. Leonard Hill, London.

Downloads

Published

2019-09-30

How to Cite

SALIHU, B. Z. ., ADEBOLA, M. O., KABARAINI, M. A., GBADEYAN, S. T., AJADI, A. A., & ISHAQ, M. N. (2019). Survey on Nigerian Castor Germplasm for Potential Resistant Genotypes to Cercospora Leaf Spot. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 11(3), 440–446. https://doi.org/10.15835/nsb11310441

Issue

Section

Research articles
CITATION
DOI: 10.15835/nsb11310441

Most read articles by the same author(s)